Groundnut (Arachis hypogea)

CROP MANAGEMENT

Seed management

1. Seed selection methods
2. Seed treatment methods

Soil Management

1. Compost
2. vermicompost
3. Green manuring
4. Green leaf manuring
5. Tank silt
6. Panchagavya
7. Jiwamrit
8. Amrutpani / Amrit Jal
9. Dung and urine extract

Pest management

Preventive measures

1. Crop rotation
2. Deep summer ploughing (for moisture retention and against insect pupae)
3. Seed treatment (against seed borne infections)
4. Neem cake in soil (against soil borne diseases, root grubs, etc)
5. Border crops (against sucking pests)
6. Destruction of alternate hosts to vectors
7. Trap crops (against )
8. Placing Ipomoea/Calatropis twigs in field to attract red hairy caterpillars and later destroying them
9. Light traps and bonfires (against red hairy caterpillar)
10. Bird perches (against some insects)
11. Pheromone traps (for monitoring Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura)
12. Collection and destruction of  plants infected with viral diseases (against bud necrosis)

Curative / reactive measures

1. Neem oil spray (against sucking pests)
2. Neem Seed Kernel Extract spray
3. Culling out infested shoots (against Yellow Stem Borer)

Pest and disorders

1. Insects
   1. Red Hairy Caterpillar (Amsacta
      albistriga)
   2. Groundnut leaf miner (Aproraema
      modicella)
   3. Gram caterpillar (Helicoverpa armigera)
   4. Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis)
   5. Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura)
   6. Root grub (Holotricha consanguina)
   7. Jewel beetle (Sphenoptera terotetti)
   8. Aphids ()
   9. Whitefly
   10. Jassids
2. Diseases
   1. Bud necrosis
   2. Stem necrosis
   3. Kalahasti malady
   4. Tikka leaf spot
   5. Pepper disease

3. Nutritional disorders
   1. Nitrogen deficiency
   2. Potassium deficiency
   3. Sulphur deficiency
   4. Zinc deficiency
   5. Iron deficiency

Natural enemies that you would find in groundnut ecosystem

1. Birds
2. Spiders
3. Ladybirds
4. Parasitic wasps
5. Mirid bugs (predatory bug)

Harvesting

Storage pests

Credits

References